insights/content/tutorials/how-to-install-virt-manager-on-arch-linux/index.md

---
title: How to Install Virt-Manager (Libvirt GUI) on Arch Linux
description: Tutorial on how to install Virt-Manager, a graphical user interface for libvirt that makes it easier for us to manage KVM/QEMU virtualization machines on our computers.
summary: Tutorial on how to install Virt-Manager, a graphical user interface for libvirt that makes it easier for us to manage KVM/QEMU virtualization machines on our computers.
# linkTitle:
date: 2024-09-11T03:08:45+07:00
lastmod:
draft: false
noindex: false
# comments: false
nav_weight: 1000
categories:
    - Self-Hosted
    - SysAdmin
tags:
    - KVM
    - libvirt
    - QEMU
images:
authors:
    - ditatompel
---

I have written several articles related to [**KVM**][kvm_web]/[**QEMU**][qemu_web]
and [**Virt-Manager**][virtmanager_web], but I have not written about how to
install and configure Virt-Manager on Arch Linux. This is a tutorial that will
cover both aspects.

**Virt-Manager** is a graphical user interface (GUI) for `libvirt` that makes
it easier for us to manage virtualization machines or emulators on our
computers.

## Introduction: Between KVM and QEMU

Before we begin and to better understand the options available in
`virt-manager`, I would like to discuss a brief overview of KVM and QEMU.
Many people assume that KVM and QEMU are one and the same thing. However,
this is not true.

**KVM is a full virtualization** technology that utilizes hardware for its
virtualization capabilities. To use KVM, your CPU must support virtualization
(in this case, `Intel VT-x` for **Intel processors** and `AMD-V` for
**AMD processors**).

On the other hand, **QEMU is an emulator**. It can emulate a complete system
even if the hardware you have does not support virtualization. QEMU can emulate
devices such as storage, network interfaces, and others. Moreover, it can also
emulate different CPU architectures: for example, an `x86_64` host can emulate
the `ARM` architecture on a guest virtual machine.

In terms of performance, KVM is significantly superior to QEMU because it
utilizes hardware directly. As such, KVM is very optimal for Linux system
virtualization and provides better resource management than QEMU.

In terms of compatibility, QEMU is superior due to its ability to emulate many
CPU architectures, emulate devices such as storage, network, display adapters,
and others. Additionally, QEMU does not require hardware that supports
virtualization technology to run it.

To verify whether the CPU you are using supports virtualization, you can use
the command:

```shell
lscpu | grep Virtualization
```

If the command above produces no output, then you can only use QEMU. However,
if your CPU does support virtualization, you can utilize KVM + QEMU, which
combines hardware acceleration with full CPU and memory virtualization.

> **Note:** Most mid-range to high-end CPUs manufactured within the last 10
> years should support virtualization. If the `lscpu` check above does not
> produce any output, please check your BIOS configuration and ensure that
> the feature is enabled.

## Required Software Installation

First, install `libvirt`, `dnsmasq`, `qemu-desktop`, and `virt-manager` using
the following command:

```shell
sudo pacman -S libvirt dnsmasq qemu-desktop virt-manager
```

Here, `dnsmasq` is necessary for guest network connectivity (DHCP).
Additionally, `qemu-desktop` is required to enable GUI desktop support. If you
plan to run virtual machines headless only, you can replace `qemu-desktop` with
`qemu-base`. Note that both `qemu-base` and `qemu-desktop` are limited to
`x86_64` emulation. However, if you intend to use architectures like ARM in
your virtual machines, you will need to install the `qemu-emulators-full`
package.

## Access Rights Configuration

To enable regular users to use `virt-manager`, add your user to the `libvirt`
group using the following command:

```shell
sudo usermod -aG libvirt <your_username>
```

Next, modify or add the following configuration to `/etc/libvirt/libvirtd.conf`:

```plain
unix_sock_group = "libvirt"
unix_sock_ro_perms = "0770"
```

The above configuration sets the group access rights for
**libvirt UNIX socket** to the `libvirt` group, allowing members of this group
to perform read and write operations.

## Using Virt-Manager

Before running `virt-manager` in GUI mode, start the **libvirt daemon** using
the following command:

```shell
sudo systemctl start libvirtd
```

This is necessary to enable QEMU/KVM operations outside of your **user session**
and allow the guest machine to connect to the network later.

{{< youtube Y01SwRqkX8I >}}

Once the libvirt daemon is running, you can run `virt-manager` and begin adding
QEMU/KVM connections. After that, try creating the virtual machine you want to
test. If you encounter difficulties, referring to the video included above may
provide some assistance.

To run Windows VM, you will need `swtpm` and configure TPM. For more
information, please refer to my previous article:
["Running Windows 11 VM (TPM And Secure-Boot) On Linux"]({{< ref "/tutorials/run-windows-11-tpm-and-secure-boot-on-kvm" >}}).
You can also use VirtIO-FS for [sharing data between the host and guest virtual machines]({{< ref "/tutorials/virt-manager-sharing-data-between-host-and-guests-libvirt-virtio-fs" >}}).

## Resources

-   [KVM Arch Wiki][kvm_aw]
-   [QEMU Arch Wiki][qemu_aw]
-   [Virt-Manager Arch Wiki][virtmanager_aw]

[kvm_web]: https://linux-kvm.org/page/Main_Page "KVM Website"
[kvm_aw]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/KVM "KVM Arch Wiki"
[qemu_web]: https://www.qemu.org/ "QEMU Website"
[qemu_aw]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/QEMU "QEMU Arch Wiki"
[virtmanager_web]: https://virt-manager.org/ "Virt-Manager official website"
[virtmanager_aw]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Virt-manager "Virt Manager Arch Wiki"