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chore(lint): Markdown lint
This commit is contained in:
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---
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title: "Menjalankan Windows 11 (TPM Dan Secure-Boot) Di KVM"
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description: "Cara mengaktifkan TPM dan secure-boot untuk menjalankan Windows 11 di QEMU/KVM."
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summary: "Cara mengaktifkan TPM dan secure-boot untuk menjalankan Windows 11 di QEMU/KVM."
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# linkTitle:
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date: 2022-09-19T03:57:12+07:00
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lastmod:
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@ -8,88 +9,79 @@ draft: false
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noindex: false
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# comments: false
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nav_weight: 1000
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# nav_icon:
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# vendor: bootstrap
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# name: toggles
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# color: '#e24d0e'
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series:
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# - Tutorial
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categories:
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# -
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# -
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tags:
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- Windows
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- KVM
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- QEMU
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- libvirt
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- Windows
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- KVM
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- QEMU
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- libvirt
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images:
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# menu:
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# main:
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# weight: 100
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# params:
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# icon:
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# vendor: bs
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# name: book
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# color: '#e24d0e'
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authors:
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- ditatompel
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- ditatompel
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---
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**Microsoft** memperketat keamanan dari **Windows 11** dengan menambahkan [**TPM**](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/what-is-tpm-705f241d-025d-4470-80c5-4feeb24fa1ee) dan [**Secure-Boot**](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/windows-11-and-secure-boot-a8ff1202-c0d9-42f5-940f-843abef64fad) sebagai kebutuhan minimal yang harus dipenuhi agar kita dapat menginstall Windows 11 baik itu *bare-metal* ataupun melalui virtualisasi.
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**Microsoft** memperketat keamanan dari **Windows 11** dengan menambahkan [**TPM**](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/what-is-tpm-705f241d-025d-4470-80c5-4feeb24fa1ee) dan [**Secure-Boot**](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/windows-11-and-secure-boot-a8ff1202-c0d9-42f5-940f-843abef64fad) sebagai kebutuhan minimal yang harus dipenuhi agar kita dapat menginstall Windows 11 baik itu _bare-metal_ ataupun melalui virtualisasi.
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Artikel ini membahas bagaimana mengaktifkan **TPM** dan **Secure-Boot** untuk Windows 11 di **QEMU** *virtual machine* (VM).
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<!--more-->
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Artikel ini membahas bagaimana mengaktifkan **TPM** dan **Secure-Boot** untuk Windows 11 di **QEMU** _virtual machine_ (VM).
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## Prerequisites / Prasyarat
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Sebelum memulai dan melangkah lebih jauh, Anda perlu memenuhi persyaratan berikut untuk dapat mengikuti langkah-langkah dari artikel ini:
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* Memiliki ISO Windows 10. Anda dapat mengunduh [ISO Windows 11 *official*](https://www.microsoft.com/en-gb/software-download/windows11) dari situs resmi milik Microsoft.
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* Memiliki dan mengunduh [*virtio driver* untuk Windows 11](https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/stable-virtio/virtio-win.iso) yang nantinya digunakan untuk menginstall driver pada *guest machine* (seperti **Ethernet controller**).
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* *Host* yang sudah dikonfigurasi dan dapat menjalankan KVM dengan baik sebelumnya, termasuk program GUI `virt-manager` (**Virtual Machine Manager**).
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- Memiliki ISO Windows 10. Anda dapat mengunduh [ISO Windows 11 _official_](https://www.microsoft.com/en-gb/software-download/windows11) dari situs resmi milik Microsoft.
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- Memiliki dan mengunduh [_virtio driver_ untuk Windows 11](https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/stable-virtio/virtio-win.iso) yang nantinya digunakan untuk menginstall driver pada _guest machine_ (seperti **Ethernet controller**).
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- _Host_ yang sudah dikonfigurasi dan dapat menjalankan KVM dengan baik sebelumnya, termasuk program GUI `virt-manager` (**Virtual Machine Manager**).
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Di artikel ini, *KVM host* saya menggunakan Arch Linux (BTW :joy:), namun langkah-langkah yang diperlukan agar dapat menjalankan Windows 11 menggunakan KVM sebenarnya tidak jauh beda dengan *distro* Linux lainnya.
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Di artikel ini, _KVM host_ saya menggunakan Arch Linux (BTW :joy:), namun langkah-langkah yang diperlukan agar dapat menjalankan Windows 11 menggunakan KVM sebenarnya tidak jauh beda dengan _distro_ Linux lainnya.
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## Install TPM pada Host KVM
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Kita perlu menginstall software [swtpm](https://github.com/stefanberger/swtpm) di KVM host supaya KVM host dapat melakukan simulasi TPM.
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Karena `swtpm` sudah tersedia di **Arch Linux Community package**, proses installasi cukup dengan menjalankan perintah `pacman -S swtpm`. Jika Anda mengunakan distro lain, carilah informasi cara menginstall `swtpm` di halaman dokumentasi dari distro favorit Anda.
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Sebagai contoh, jika KVM host Anda menggunakan **Ubuntu**, Anda perlu menambahkan PPA milik [Stefan Berger's PPA repository](https://launchpad.net/~stefanberger/+archive/ubuntu/swtpm) sebelum melakukan installasi mengunakan `apt install swtpm-tools`.
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Untuk mengecek apakah *swtpm* sudah berhasil diinstall dan melihat versi yang digunakan, cukup jalankan perintah `swtpm --version`:
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Untuk mengecek apakah _swtpm_ sudah berhasil diinstall dan melihat versi yang digunakan, cukup jalankan perintah `swtpm --version`:
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```
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TPM emulator version 0.7.3, Copyright (c) 2014-2021 IBM Corp
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```
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## Buat Windows 11 di KVM menggunakan *virt-manager*
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Buatlah VM baru untuk Windows 11 dari aplikasi / program GUI `virt-manager`, pada bagian **CDROM**, gunakan **Windows 11 ISO** yang sudah didownload dari situs resminya, tentukan alokasi CPU, RAM dan kapasitas penyimpanan sesuai kebutuhan dan kemampuan KVM host Anda. Dan pada bagian akhir *wizard configuration*, centang, tick ***"Costumize configuration before install"***.
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## Buat Windows 11 di KVM menggunakan _virt-manager_
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Buatlah VM baru untuk Windows 11 dari aplikasi / program GUI `virt-manager`, pada bagian **CDROM**, gunakan **Windows 11 ISO** yang sudah didownload dari situs resminya, tentukan alokasi CPU, RAM dan kapasitas penyimpanan sesuai kebutuhan dan kemampuan KVM host Anda. Dan pada bagian akhir _wizard configuration_, centang, tick **_"Costumize configuration before install"_**.
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## Konfigurasi virtualiasi hardware Windows 11
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Supaya Windows 11 dapat berjalan dengan mulus di KVM, kita perlu membuat beberapa perubahan konfigurasi hardware dari *virt-manager*.
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* Klik pada bagian **Overview**, ubah opsi **Firmware** ke `UEFI x86_64: /usr/share/edk2-ovmf/x64/OVMF_CODE.secboot.fd` (atau setidaknya pilih *firmware* yang mengandung kata **UEFI OVMF_CODE** atau **secboot**).
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Supaya Windows 11 dapat berjalan dengan mulus di KVM, kita perlu membuat beberapa perubahan konfigurasi hardware dari _virt-manager_.
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* Klik pada menu **Add Hardware** dan tambahkan `TPM`. Pastikan opsi `Type` adalah `Emulated`, kemudian ubah opsi `Model` dari `CRB` menjadi `TIS`, dan opsi `Version` menjadi `2.0`.
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- Klik pada bagian **Overview**, ubah opsi **Firmware** ke `UEFI x86_64: /usr/share/edk2-ovmf/x64/OVMF_CODE.secboot.fd` (atau setidaknya pilih _firmware_ yang mengandung kata **UEFI OVMF_CODE** atau **secboot**).
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- Klik pada menu **Add Hardware** dan tambahkan `TPM`. Pastikan opsi `Type` adalah `Emulated`, kemudian ubah opsi `Model` dari `CRB` menjadi `TIS`, dan opsi `Version` menjadi `2.0`.
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* Klik pada bagian **Network interface** dan ubah **Device model** dari `e1000e` menjadi `virtio`.
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- Klik pada bagian **Network interface** dan ubah **Device model** dari `e1000e` menjadi `virtio`.
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## Install Windows 11
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Jalankan VM dan ikuti proses installasi Windows 11 hingga proses *initial Windows setup*. Pada tahap *initial Windows setup*, Anda akan mendapati bahwa VM Windows Anda tidak dapat terhubung ke internet.
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Jalankan VM dan ikuti proses installasi Windows 11 hingga proses _initial Windows setup_. Pada tahap _initial Windows setup_, Anda akan mendapati bahwa VM Windows Anda tidak dapat terhubung ke internet.
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Hal ini diebabkan karena Windows 11 belum dapat mendeteksi *Network Interface*nya. Sementara, abaikan dulu masalah tersebut karena kita bisa memperbaikinya nanti.
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Klik ***"I don't have internet"*** kemudian ***"Continue with limited setup"*** dan selesaikan *initial setup* hingga kita berhasil login masuk ke Desktop.
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Klik **_"I don't have internet"_** kemudian **_"Continue with limited setup"_** dan selesaikan _initial setup_ hingga kita berhasil login masuk ke Desktop.
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## Install _virtio driver_ pada VM Windows 11
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## Install *virtio driver* pada VM Windows 11
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Setelah proses installasi selesai, matikan dulu VM Windows 11 supaya kita bisa memperbaiki permasalahan pada ***Ethernet Driver***nya. Kemudian kembali ke konfigurasi VM di `virt-manager`, pilih **SATA CDROM 1**, dan ubah `Source path` dari yang semula adalah **ISO Windows 11** menjadi lokasi tempat **Windows 11 virtio drivers** dengan mengeklik tombol **Browse** dan pilih [Windows 11 virtio drivers](https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/stable-virtio/virtio-win.iso) yang sudah Anda download dan simpan di KVM host Anda.
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Setelah proses installasi selesai, matikan dulu VM Windows 11 supaya kita bisa memperbaiki permasalahan pada **_Ethernet Driver_**nya. Kemudian kembali ke konfigurasi VM di `virt-manager`, pilih **SATA CDROM 1**, dan ubah `Source path` dari yang semula adalah **ISO Windows 11** menjadi lokasi tempat **Windows 11 virtio drivers** dengan mengeklik tombol **Browse** dan pilih [Windows 11 virtio drivers](https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/stable-virtio/virtio-win.iso) yang sudah Anda download dan simpan di KVM host Anda.
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Sekarang, nyalakan kembali VM Windows 11. Setelah berhasil login ke Desktop, klik pada **icon Search dari task bar**, dan masukkan kata kunci **"Device Manager"**. Anda akan menemukan program dengan nama **"Device Manager"**, jalankan program tersebut.
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Di program **"Device Manager"**, klik kanan pada **Ethernet adapter** dan pilih **update driver**. Pilih menu **"Browse my computer for drivers"** kemudian pilih **Windows 11 virtio drivers ISO** dari **CDROM**, centang **"Include subfolders"**, klik tombol **"Next"** dan setelah itu seharunya *driver ethernet adapter* sudah berhasil diinstall. Cek koneksi internet di VM Windows 11 Anda, seharusnya Anda sudah terhubung ke internet dari VM Windows Anda.
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Di program **"Device Manager"**, klik kanan pada **Ethernet adapter** dan pilih **update driver**. Pilih menu **"Browse my computer for drivers"** kemudian pilih **Windows 11 virtio drivers ISO** dari **CDROM**, centang **"Include subfolders"**, klik tombol **"Next"** dan setelah itu seharunya _driver ethernet adapter_ sudah berhasil diinstall. Cek koneksi internet di VM Windows 11 Anda, seharusnya Anda sudah terhubung ke internet dari VM Windows Anda.
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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
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---
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title: "Run Windows 11 (TPM and Secure Boot) on KVM"
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description: "Microsoft tightened the security of Windows 11 by adding TPM and Secure-Boot as the minimum requirement to install it. This article show how to enable TPM on KVM host and enable Secure-Boot for Windows 11 VM."
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description: "How to enable TPM on KVM host and enable Secure-Boot for Windows 11 VM."
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summary: "How to enable TPM on KVM host and enable Secure-Boot for Windows 11 VM."
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# linkTitle:
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date: 2022-09-19T03:57:12+07:00
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lastmod:
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@ -8,68 +9,60 @@ draft: false
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noindex: false
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# comments: false
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nav_weight: 1000
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# nav_icon:
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# vendor: bootstrap
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||||
# name: toggles
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# color: '#e24d0e'
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series:
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# - Tutorial
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categories:
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# -
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# -
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tags:
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- Windows
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- KVM
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- QEMU
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- libvirt
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- Windows
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- KVM
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- QEMU
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- libvirt
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images:
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# menu:
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# main:
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# weight: 100
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# params:
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# icon:
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# vendor: bs
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# name: book
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# color: '#e24d0e'
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authors:
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- ditatompel
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- ditatompel
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---
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Microsoft tightened the security of **Windows 11** by adding [TPM](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/what-is-tpm-705f241d-025d-4470-80c5-4feeb24fa1ee) and [Secure-Boot](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/windows-11-and-secure-boot-a8ff1202-c0d9-42f5-940f-843abef64fad) as the minimum requirement to install it. This article show how to **enable TPM on KVM host** and **enable Secure-Boot for Windows 11 VM**.
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<!--more-->
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Before starting and going any further, you need to fulfill the following requirements to follow this article:
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- Have the official Windows 11 ISO. You can [download the official Windows 11 ISO from Microsoft website](https://www.microsoft.com/en-gb/software-download/windows11).
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- [Download Windows 11 virtio drivers](https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/stable-virtio/virtio-win.iso) to install required driver on guest machine such as Ethernet controller.
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- Configured and running KVM environment including `virt-manager` (**Virtual Machine Manager** GUI) on your host machine.
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- Have the official Windows 11 ISO. You can [download the official Windows 11 ISO from Microsoft website](https://www.microsoft.com/en-gb/software-download/windows11).
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- [Download Windows 11 virtio drivers](https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/stable-virtio/virtio-win.iso) to install required driver on guest machine such as Ethernet controller.
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- Configured and running KVM environment including `virt-manager` (**Virtual Machine Manager** GUI) on your host machine.
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My KVM host running on Arch (BTW); however, the steps mentioned here are identical for other Linux distributions as well.
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## Install TPM on Linux KVM Host
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To emulate TPM, we need to install a software called [swtpm](https://github.com/stefanberger/swtpm), a Libtpms-based TPM emulator with socket, character device, and Linux CUSE interface.
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Since `swtpm` already available from *Arch Community package repository*, we can simply install it using `pacman -S swtpm`. If you are using another *distro*, look for information on how to install `swtpm` on your favorite `distro's` documentation page.
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To emulate TPM, we need to install a software called [swtpm](https://github.com/stefanberger/swtpm), a Libtpms-based TPM emulator with socket, character device, and Linux CUSE interface.
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Since `swtpm` already available from _Arch Community package repository_, we can simply install it using `pacman -S swtpm`. If you are using another _distro_, look for information on how to install `swtpm` on your favorite `distro's` documentation page.
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For example, if you running KVM Host on **Ubuntu**, you need to add [Stefan Berger's PPA repository](https://launchpad.net/~stefanberger/+archive/ubuntu/swtpm) to your machine before doing `apt install swtpm-tools`.
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To check your installed `swtpm` version, simply run `swtpm --version` command:
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```plain
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TPM emulator version 0.7.3, Copyright (c) 2014-2021 IBM Corp
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```
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## Create Windows 11 VM
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Create a new VM for Windows 11 from `virt-manager`, attach **Windows 11 ISO image** to your Windows 11 VM, configure your desired CPU, RAM and storage capacity for your Windows 11 VM, and at the end of the wizard, tick **"Costumize configuration before install"** checkbox.
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## Configure Windows 11 VM Hardware
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In order for Windows 11 work smoothly on KVM, we need to make some changes on its virtual hardware.
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- Click the Overview section, change firmware to something similar to `UEFI x86_64: /usr/share/edk2-ovmf/x64/OVMF_CODE.secboot.fd`.
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- Click **Add Hardware** and add `TPM`. Keep the `Type` option as `Emulated`, change `Model` option from `CRB` to `TIS`, and `Version` option to `2.0`.
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- Click **Network interface** section and change Device model from `e1000e` to `virtio`.
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- Click the Overview section, change firmware to something similar to `UEFI x86_64: /usr/share/edk2-ovmf/x64/OVMF_CODE.secboot.fd`.
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- Click **Add Hardware** and add `TPM`. Keep the `Type` option as `Emulated`, change `Model` option from `CRB` to `TIS`, and `Version` option to `2.0`.
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- Click **Network interface** section and change Device model from `e1000e` to `virtio`.
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## Install Windows 11
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Boot up the VM and follow Windows 11 *installation wizard* and *initial setup wizard*. During the initial setup wizard, you'll notice you can't connect to the network because Windows didn't detect any network interface. For now, we can skip the problem for now, and fix the network issue latter.
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Boot up the VM and follow Windows 11 _installation wizard_ and _initial setup wizard_. During the initial setup wizard, you'll notice you can't connect to the network because Windows didn't detect any network interface. For now, we can skip the problem for now, and fix the network issue latter.
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Click **"I don't have internet"** and **"Continue with limited setup"**.
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@ -80,11 +73,11 @@ Continue initial setup wizard by create a **local account**, set **3 security qu
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Until this step, your Windows 11 VM is successfully installed. Now, you need to poweroff the VM to fix network driver problem.
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## Install virtio driver on Windows 11 VM
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Go to **SATA CDROM 1** section, and change `Source path` from where your Windows 11 VM ISO is located to where **Windows 11 virtio drivers** by simply click Browse button and choose [downloaded Windows 11 virtio drivers](https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/stable-virtio/virtio-win.iso) on your local machine.
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Now, boot up the Windows 11 VM again. After logged in to desktop, click **Search Icon from task bar**, search for **"Device Manager"** and run **"Device Manager"** program.
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On "*Device Manager*" program, right click *Ethernet adapter* and choose to *update driver*. Choose **"Browse my computer for drivers"** => pick the **Windows 11 virtio drivers ISO from CDROM**, tick **"Include subfolders"** checkbox, click the **"Next"** button and you should see the ethernet adapter driver is successfully installed.
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On "_Device Manager_" program, right click _Ethernet adapter_ and choose to _update driver_. Choose **"Browse my computer for drivers"** => pick the **Windows 11 virtio drivers ISO from CDROM**, tick **"Include subfolders"** checkbox, click the **"Next"** button and you should see the ethernet adapter driver is successfully installed.
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