Added new article: "Install virt-manager on Arch Linux"

content/tutorials/how-to-install-virt-manager-on-arch-linux/index.id.md

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+---
+title: Cara Install Virt-Manager (Libvirt GUI) di Arch Linux
+description: Tutorial cara instalasi Virt-Manager, sebuah libvirt GUI untuk mempermudah kita dalam melakukan manajemen mesin virtualiasi atau emulator (KVM/QEMU) di komputer kita.
+summary: Tutorial cara instalasi Virt-Manager, sebuah libvirt GUI untuk mempermudah kita dalam melakukan manajemen mesin virtualiasi atau emulator (KVM/QEMU) di komputer kita.
+date: 2024-09-11T03:08:45+07:00
+lastmod:
+draft: false
+noindex: false
+nav_weight: 1000
+categories:
+    - Self-Hosted
+    - SysAdmin
+tags:
+    - KVM
+    - libvirt
+    - QEMU
+images:
+authors:
+    - ditatompel
+---
+
+Saya sudah beberapa kali menulis artikel yang berhubungan dengan
+[**KVM**][kvm_web]/[**QEMU**][qemu_web] dan [**Virt-Manager**][virtmanager_web],
+tapi saya belum punya tulisan tentang bagaimana cara menginstall dan
+mengkonfigurasi Virt-Manager di Arch Linux. Maka ijinkan saya untuk
+mendokumentasikannya disini.
+
+**Virt-Manager** adalah GUI untuk `libvirt` yang dapat mempermudah kita dalam
+melakukan manajemen mesin virtualiasi/emulator di komputer kita.
+
+## Pengantar: Antara KVM dan QEMU
+
+Sebelum memulai dan agar lebih memahami opsi apa saja yang nantinya bisa
+digunakan di _virt-manager_, saya ingin sedikit membahas mengenai **KVM**
+dan **QEMU**. Banyak orang beranggapan bahwa KVM dan QEMU adalah suatu hal
+yang sama. Hal ini tidak benar.
+
+**KVM merupakan _full-virtualization_** dimana dia menggunakan _hardware_ untuk
+teknologi virtualisasinya. Agar dapat menggunakan tekologi KVM, CPU Anda harus
+mensupport virtualisasi (dalam hal ini `Intel VT-x` untuk prosesor **Intel**
+dan `AMD-V` untuk prosesor **AMD**).
+
+Sedangkan **QEMU merupakan sebuah emulator**. Dia dapat melaukan emulasi sistem
+secara penuh meskipun _hardware_ yang Anda miliki tidak mensupport virtualiasi.
+QEMU dapat melakukan emulasi perangkat seperti _storage_, _network device_,
+dan lain-lain. Dia juga dapat melakukan emulasi ke arsitektur CPU yang berbeda,
+misalnya: host `x86_64` melakukan emulasi arsitektur ARM pada
+_guest virtual machine_-nya.
+
+Jika dilihat dari sisi performa, KVM jauh lebih unggul dibandingkan QEMU karena
+KVM langsung menggunakan hardware. KVM juga sangat optimal untuk virtualiasi
+sistem Linux dan menyediakan manajemen sumber daya yang lebih baik daripada
+QEMU.
+
+Dari segi kompatibilitas, QEMU lebih unggul karena dia dapat melakukan emulasi
+ke banyak arsitektur CPU, emulasi ke perangkat seperti _storage_, _network_,
+_display adapter_, dan lain-lain. QEMU juga tidak memerlukan hardware yang
+mensupport teknologi virtualiasi untuk menjalankannya.
+
+Untuk melakukan pengecekan apakah CPU yang Anda gunakan mensupport virtualisasi
+dapat menggunakan perintah:
+
+```shell
+lscpu | grep Virtualization
+```
+
+Jika perintah diatas tidak menghasilkan output apapun, maka Anda hanya dapat
+menggunakan QEMU.
+
+Jika CPU Anda mensupport virtualiasi Anda dapat menggunakan KVM+QEMU yang
+mengkombinasikan akselerasi hardware serta virtualiasi CPU dan RAM secara penuh.
+
+> **Catatan**: Kebanyakan CPU _mid-range_ hingga _high-end_ yang diproduksi 10
+> tahun terakhir seharusnya mensupport virtualisasi. Jika dari pengecekan
+> `lscpu` diatas tidak menghasilkan apapun, silahkan cek konfigurasi BIOS dan
+> mengaktifkan fitur tersebut.
+
+## Instalasi Software Yang Dibutuhkan
+
+Pertama, install `libvirt`, `dnsmasq`, `qemu-desktop` dan `virt-manager`:
+
+```shell
+sudo pacman -S libvirt dnsmasq qemu-desktop virt-manager
+```
+
+Disini, `dnsmasq` diperlukan untuk konektifitas jaringan untuk guest (DHCP).
+Sedangkan `qemu-desktop` diperlukan untuk desktop GUI.
+
+Jika Anda hanya menjalankan _virtual machine_ secara _headless_, Anda bisa
+mengganti `qemu-desktop` dengan `qemu-base`. Baik `qemu-base` dan
+`qemu-desktop` hanya support emulasi `x86_64`. jika Anda akan menggunakan
+arsitektur seperti ARM di _virtual machine_, Anda perlu menginstall
+`qemu-emulators-full`.
+
+## Konfigurasi Hak Akses
+
+Supaya user biasa dapat menggunakan `virt-manager`, tambahkan user Anda ke
+group `libvirt` dengan perintah :
+
+```shell
+sudo usermod -aG libvirt <username_anda>
+```
+
+Kemudian ubah atau tambahkan konfigurasi berikut ke `/etc/libvirt/libvirtd.conf`:
+
+```plain
+unix_sock_group = "libvirt"
+unix_sock_ro_perms = "0770"
+```
+
+konfigurasi diatas mengubah kepemilikan **libvirt UNIX socket** ke group
+`libvirt` dan mereka yang berada di dalam group `libvirt` dapat melakukan
+_read_ maupun _write_.
+
+## Menggunakan Virt-Manager
+
+Sebelum menjalankan GUI (`virt-manager`), jalankan `libvirtd` dengan perintah:
+
+```shell
+sudo systemctl start libvirtd
+```
+
+Hal ini supaya kita dapat menggunakan QEMU/KVM tidak pada **user session**
+sehingga _guest machine_ nantinya dapat terkoneksi ke jaringan.
+
+{{< youtube Y01SwRqkX8I >}}
+
+Setelah _libvirt daemon_ berjalan, Anda bisa menjalankan `virt-manager` dan
+mulai menambahkan koneksi `QEMU/KVM`. Setelah itu cobalah membuat
+_virtual machine_ yang ingin dicoba. Jika mengalami kesulitan, mengikuti video
+yang saya sertakan diatas mungkin sedikit banyak dapat membantu.
+
+Untuk menjalankan Windows VM, Anda memerlukan `swtpm` dan mengkonfigurasi
+TPM hardware. Silahkan baca artikel saya sebelumnya:
+["Menjalankan Windows 11 VM (TPM dan Secure-Boot) di Linux"]({{< ref "/tutorials/run-windows-11-tpm-and-secure-boot-on-kvm" >}}).
+
+## Referensi
+
+-   [KVM Arch Wiki][kvm_aw]
+-   [QEMU Arch Wiki][qemu_aw]
+-   [Virt-Manager Arch Wiki][virtmanager_aw]
+
+[kvm_web]: https://linux-kvm.org/page/Main_Page "KVM Website"
+[kvm_aw]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/KVM "KVM Arch Wiki"
+[qemu_web]: https://www.qemu.org/ "QEMU Website"
+[qemu_aw]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/QEMU "QEMU Arch Wiki"
+[virtmanager_web]: https://virt-manager.org/ "Virt-Manager official website"
+[virtmanager_aw]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Virt-manager "Virt Manager Arch Wiki"

content/tutorials/how-to-install-virt-manager-on-arch-linux/index.md

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+---
+title: How to Install Virt-Manager (Libvirt GUI) on Arch Linux
+description: Tutorial on how to install Virt-Manager, a graphical user interface for libvirt that makes it easier for us to manage KVM/QEMU virtualization machines on our computers.
+summary: Tutorial on how to install Virt-Manager, a graphical user interface for libvirt that makes it easier for us to manage KVM/QEMU virtualization machines on our computers.
+# linkTitle:
+date: 2024-09-11T03:08:45+07:00
+lastmod:
+draft: false
+noindex: false
+# comments: false
+nav_weight: 1000
+categories:
+    - Self-Hosted
+    - SysAdmin
+tags:
+    - KVM
+    - libvirt
+    - QEMU
+images:
+authors:
+    - ditatompel
+---
+
+I have written several articles related to [**KVM**][kvm_web]/[**QEMU**][qemu_web]
+and [**Virt-Manager**][virtmanager_web], but I have not written about how to
+install and configure Virt-Manager on Arch Linux. This is a tutorial that will
+cover both aspects.
+
+**Virt-Manager** is a graphical user interface (GUI) for `libvirt` that makes
+it easier for us to manage virtualization machines or emulators on our
+computers.
+
+## Introduction: Between KVM and QEMU
+
+Before we begin and to better understand the options available in
+`virt-manager`, I would like to discuss a brief overview of KVM and QEMU.
+Many people assume that KVM and QEMU are one and the same thing. However,
+this is not true.
+
+**KVM is a full virtualization** technology that utilizes hardware for its
+virtualization capabilities. To use KVM, your CPU must support virtualization
+(in this case, `Intel VT-x` for **Intel processors** and `AMD-V` for
+**AMD processors**).
+
+On the other hand, **QEMU is an emulator**. It can emulate a complete system
+even if the hardware you have does not support virtualization. QEMU can emulate
+devices such as storage, network interfaces, and others. Moreover, it can also
+emulate different CPU architectures: for example, an `x86_64` host can emulate
+the `ARM` architecture on a guest virtual machine.
+
+In terms of performance, KVM is significantly superior to QEMU because it
+utilizes hardware directly. As such, KVM is very optimal for Linux system
+virtualization and provides better resource management than QEMU.
+
+In terms of compatibility, QEMU is superior due to its ability to emulate many
+CPU architectures, emulate devices such as storage, network, display adapters,
+and others. Additionally, QEMU does not require hardware that supports
+virtualization technology to run it.
+
+To verify whether the CPU you are using supports virtualization, you can use
+the command:
+
+```shell
+lscpu | grep Virtualization
+```
+
+If the command above produces no output, then you can only use QEMU. However,
+if your CPU does support virtualization, you can utilize KVM + QEMU, which
+combines hardware acceleration with full CPU and memory virtualization.
+
+> **Note:** Most mid-range to high-end CPUs manufactured within the last 10
+> years should support virtualization. If the `lscpu` check above does not
+> produce any output, please check your BIOS configuration and ensure that
+> the feature is enabled.
+
+## Required Software Installation
+
+First, install `libvirt`, `dnsmasq`, `qemu-desktop`, and `virt-manager` using
+the following command:
+
+```shell
+sudo pacman -S libvirt dnsmasq qemu-desktop virt-manager
+```
+
+Here, `dnsmasq` is necessary for guest network connectivity (DHCP).
+Additionally, `qemu-desktop` is required to enable GUI desktop support. If you
+plan to run virtual machines headless only, you can replace `qemu-desktop` with
+`qemu-base`. Note that both `qemu-base` and `qemu-desktop` are limited to
+`x86_64` emulation. However, if you intend to use architectures like ARM in
+your virtual machines, you will need to install the `qemu-emulators-full`
+package.
+
+## Access Rights Configuration
+
+To enable regular users to use `virt-manager`, add your user to the `libvirt`
+group using the following command:
+
+```shell
+sudo usermod -aG libvirt <your_username>
+```
+
+Next, modify or add the following configuration to `/etc/libvirt/libvirtd.conf`:
+
+```plain
+unix_sock_group = "libvirt"
+unix_sock_ro_perms = "0770"
+```
+
+The above configuration sets the group access rights for
+**libvirt UNIX socket** to the `libvirt` group, allowing members of this group
+to perform read and write operations.
+
+## Using Virt-Manager
+
+Before running `virt-manager` in GUI mode, start the **libvirt daemon** using
+the following command:
+
+```shell
+sudo systemctl start libvirtd
+```
+
+This is necessary to enable QEMU/KVM operations outside of your **user session**
+and allow the guest machine to connect to the network later.
+
+{{< youtube Y01SwRqkX8I >}}
+
+Once the libvirt daemon is running, you can run `virt-manager` and begin adding
+QEMU/KVM connections. After that, try creating the virtual machine you want to
+test. If you encounter difficulties, referring to the video included above may
+provide some assistance.
+
+To run Windows VM, you will need `swtpm` and configure TPM. For more
+information, please refer to my previous article:
+["Running Windows 11 VM (TPM And Secure-Boot) On Linux"]({{< ref "/tutorials/run-windows-11-tpm-and-secure-boot-on-kvm" >}}).
+You can also use VirtIO-FS for [sharing data between the host and guest virtual machines]({{< ref "/tutorials/virt-manager-sharing-data-between-host-and-guests-libvirt-virtio-fs" >}}).
+
+## Resources
+
+-   [KVM Arch Wiki][kvm_aw]
+-   [QEMU Arch Wiki][qemu_aw]
+-   [Virt-Manager Arch Wiki][virtmanager_aw]
+
+[kvm_web]: https://linux-kvm.org/page/Main_Page "KVM Website"
+[kvm_aw]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/KVM "KVM Arch Wiki"
+[qemu_web]: https://www.qemu.org/ "QEMU Website"
+[qemu_aw]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/QEMU "QEMU Arch Wiki"
+[virtmanager_web]: https://virt-manager.org/ "Virt-Manager official website"
+[virtmanager_aw]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Virt-manager "Virt Manager Arch Wiki"